How P-Values Help Us Test Hypotheses: Crash Course Statistics #21



Today we’re going to begin our three-part unit on p-values. In this episode we’ll talk about Null Hypothesis Significance Testing (or NHST) which is a framework for comparing two sets of information. In NHST we assume that there is no difference between the two things we are observing and and use our p-value as a predetermined cutoff for if something seems sufficiently rare or not to allow us to reject that these two observations are the same. This p-value tells us if something is statistically significant, but as you’ll see that doesn’t necessarily mean the information is significant or meaningful to you.

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29 Comments

  1. I'm in college now and have been watching videos from this channel since high school. Needless to say, they've been so helpful. So crazy and great I can find a resource as great as this on Youtube!

  2. Unfortunately, the p value is responsible for the crisis in science. Statistical hypothesis tests don't know your hypothesis, and don't test anything! Only experiments can test. We must stop using p values as evidence, which they are not except under very specific circumstances, if we are to stop the rot inn science.

  3. Could you please talk about effect size.
    And if it’s as important as statistical significance. Especially with complete population stats (like census).

    So we divided the us population into males and females, can we use effect size?

  4. Echoing the comments about food…Food serves as a such a perfect source of relevant and manipulatable examples for a stats course. Three thoughts:
    1) She does a great job using food in just this way in every one of the videos I've watched so far (up through 21)
    2) People with eating disorders should look to Khan Academy for their video-based stats ejumukashun. Though inferior to CC in myriad ways and overall, at least his chicken scratch drawings and overly assumptive examples in no way resemble something comestible. His videos rival unadorned chicken breast in blandness and enjoyability. CC videos, well, chicken parm baked by a Neapolitano grandma named Maria!
    3) She's an obvious plant by the Koch brothers and big-ag.

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