Neptune’s Ice Refuses to Melt at 5,000°C #superionicice #neptune #space #physics #science



Deep inside Neptune there is a layer of ice sitting at around five thousand degrees Celsius — hot enough to boil iron, and it still will not melt.

It is called superionic ice. Under millions of times Earth’s atmospheric pressure, water molecules are torn apart. The oxygen atoms lock into a rigid crystal lattice and stop moving, while the stripped hydrogen nuclei flow freely through the gaps between them. The same substance is frozen solid and flowing at the same time.

Predicted in 1988, it stayed a calculation on paper for thirty years. In 2019 a team led from Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory finally made it, firing lasers into a droplet of water and compressing it in billionths of a second.

It may also explain something Voyager 2 found in 1989. Earth’s magnetic field is neat and centred. Neptune’s is tilted roughly forty-seven degrees from its rotation axis and pushed well off from the planet’s core. Flowing hydrogen nuclei carry electric charge, and moving charge makes magnetism — so Neptune may be wrapped in a magnetic field generated by ice that can never melt.

Did you know ice could exist at those temperatures? Tell me in the comments.

#superionicice #neptune #space #physics #science

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